'To What Extent Has Technology Influenced The Publishing Of
Counter
Culture
The essay is going to discuss how the
development of technology has effected the communication of counter culture.
From the primitive first attempts of mass printing to the contemporary means of
communication, the effect of these publishing methods upon mainstream culture
and the subsequent counter culture is to be investigated. A discussion of
counter culture must of course include a discussion of culture in each examples
context. The embracing of technology to communicate ideologies and reactions
against mainstream culture, which itself has been dictated by developments and
effects of technology is to aid the investigation into the accumulation of
factors that communicate counter culture and if, if fact, they can work. The
discussion is to conclude with a hypothesis, a hypothesis to presume the best
methods in which technology can be embraced to communicate counter culture.
Publishing
and Technology
The first chapter is to create context for
the rest of the essay to sit upon,
a timeline of print and subsequent mass communication amongst other results are to be discussed in order to compare them
to the contemporary means of communicating counter culture. Starting with the
earliest means of printing to discover how mass print developed culture and its effects
upon communication through to today, in which technology has overtaken
print as the most efficient method of communication. The effect and
opportunities created from the democratization of information will lead into
the manner in which Counter Culture and print link together.
Topics:
Production
/ Distribution / Content / Effect / Example
Gutenberg Press
Media distribution
Democratization of media / information
Developments and subsequent effect of
production methods
Chapbooks / Fanzines / Magazines
Rebellion / Counter Culture in print (
Posters, leaflets, Mags, Zines, Books )
Broadening of communities / subcultures
online
Elitist – Democratic production of media
Subsequent link to Publishing and counter
culture
Publishing
and Counter Culture
Following discussion about the development
of technology and its subsequent effect upon publishing and more generally,
culture, this chapter is to begin by discussing how counter culture arose in
both independent and commercial environments. Subcultures are to be discussed
as a prime example of counter cultures, investigation into the theory of
identity and how this was formed alongside the development of publishing. Case studies
of previous magazines, articles and other materials with the intent of
rebelling against mainstream culture. The production, distribution and content
of such material is to be analyzed in an attempt to understand the translation
from social, political and technological context to product. Counter Culture in
all of it’s form are to be discussed and how these adhered to the contexts of
their time..
How developments in publishing have
influenced culture and subsequent counter culture
Independent and commercial publishing – the
differences, limitations, inequality between the two.
How the developments in technology
influenced the increase of counter culture.
Designer as author, printing, publisher
when technology became accessible
The rise of agenda in publishing due to the
ease and accessibility of self-publishing
How effective has counter culture through
publishing been?
Examples of counter culture in print /
digital / analogue
How the developments of technology have
helped independent publishing therefore the communication of counter culture
through the ease of sustaining an online presence, distribution and possibility
of audience.
Appropriation
of counter culture in mainstream media
Following from previous discussion of
technology and it’s impact upon mainstream culture and subsequent communication
of counter culture, this chapter is to focus on the relationship between the
two. How the mainstream dilutes, subverts and appropriated the aesthetic /
approach / products derived from counter culture, and the consequent reaction
from counter culture. Examples of this appropriation can easily be found in all
visual forms of mainstream culture, primarily I am to focus on this
appropriation within Editorial design, advertising and further Graphic Design.
“Selling out”
The idea of cool, attraction and edge are
to be discussed in order to understand why counter culture is appropriated and
commercialized.
Is there a way of making counter culture a
commercial product? Examples and the irony.
Commodification of ideology and subcultural
assets
Contemporary
Publishing and Counter Culture
The final chapter of the essay is to
accumulate all previous discussion into a debate about the contemporary of
publishing of counter culture. Building upon the technologies discussed in the
initial chapter, the methods discovered in the conversation between publishing,
culture and counter culture alongside the previous chapters’ debating of
counter culture in a commercial environment are to inform this chapter. Contemporary
culture in general is to be discussed in order to contextualize counter
culture, ideas such as the loss of stylistic subcultures of previous decades,
the influence capitalism and consumerism have and more broadly, technology’s
influence upon contemporary culture.
What is now the most efficient method of
communicating counter culture
Digital platforms encouraging instant
reaction
Social media and counter culture
Instant reaction
Self conscious / intellectual environment
Print / Digital / Analogue (TEDtalks)
Remix theory'
Notes (Post-Coffee):
 |
| *TITLE CHANGE: To what extent have technologies affected the communication of counter culture in publishing. *CLARIFY: Introduction structure. *CLARIFY: 'Technology' - "Readers may relate it simply to digital technologies" Has > Have. |
 |
| *Refer to Desktop Publishing. *Refer to XEROX, Fanzines, Zine, Independent publishings |
 |
| "the contemporary of publishing of counter culture" - Ammend. |
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